Which of the following is a key thematic area for ADB financing?

The key thematic area for ADB financing is gender equality and women's empowerment. This focus aligns with ADB's commitment to inclusive development, ensuring that economic growth benefits all segments of society, particularly marginalized groups. By promoting gender equality, ADB aims to enhance women's participation in economic activities, improve their access to resources and opportunities, and address the barriers that hinder their empowerment. This commitment is reflected in ADB’s strategies and projects, which often integrate gender considerations to foster sustainable development.

In contrast, the other options do not capture a primary focus of ADB financing. While infrastructure development is significant and often supported by ADB, it is not the sole concentration, as ADB encompasses a broader range of themes. Industrial development may also be part of ADB’s financing strategies but is not explicitly identified as a core thematic area alongside gender issues. On the other hand, military funding is generally outside ADB's mandate, as the bank primarily directs its resources toward economic and social development initiatives rather than military applications.